Business strategies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business strategies - Assignment Example Kohl’s Corporation is regarded to be a rapidly growing department store chain in the United States which offers apparel, valuable accessories for women, men and children, footwear and home furnishing products to its customers. It has been apparent that the corporation generated an amount of revenue in excess of US$13 billion in the year 2006. It performs its business and operational functions in several states of the US. The objective of the corporation is to achieve leadership position in the business market in the US (The New York Times Company). Thesis Statement This paper intends to identify the external trends in order to deal with the changing lifestyle and shopping experience of the consumers. Moreover, the kinds of external information which is required for the corporation to make effective decisions will be taken into consideration. Finally, the significant opportunities as well as the threats of Kohl which can be drawn from the case will also be addressed in the disc ussion. Discussion Question 1 According to the case, it has been viewed that Kohl adopted significant business strategies due to changing lifestyle, fashion and shopping experience of the customers. ... case, the strategic manager of Kohl has to deal with the changing lifestyle and the shopping experience of the customers with the motive of improving its profitability along with accomplishing superior competitive position over its chief business market competitors. In this context, the strategic managers of the corporation would have to identify the target market in order to deal with the aforementioned aspects. It can be pointed out that the primary target market of the corporation were mostly the women aged in between 25 years to 54 years. The other external trends which are important for the strategic managers of Kohl to consider include the price as well as the quality of the products and convenient location of the stores (Coulter 103-104). To keep track of the changing lifestyle and shopping experience of the customers, the business managers of Kohl may visit the location of its different retail outlets that are situated in different states of the US. This particular activity w ould support the corporation to analyze the business trends and preferences of the consumers. Moreover, it is necessary for the strategic managers of Kohl to conduct marketing research within its business market segment in order to maintain the track of the changes. By conducting the market research, the strategic managers of Kohl would be able to obtain frequent feedback from regular customers about their overall shopping experience. By conducting such research, the corporation would be able to analyze the purchasing behavior along with the shopping experiences of the customers at large (Kohl's Illinois, Inc). Discussion Question 2 There are several types of valuable external information which can assist a strategic business manager of an organisation to make significant business

Reflecting my English Understanding in a rhetoric concept Essay

Reflecting my English Understanding in a rhetoric concept - Essay Example vironment and subsequently form hypothetical reasoning about these occurrences. Within various societal spheres people usually have different meanings with regard to information presented in piece of writing which most interestingly the author had not included or intended in his/her material. Without denial, I have been a thinker, but my interaction and exposure to the English 102 class has further improved my skills to be used analytically in any literary material. My enthusiasm have been shaped more as I constantly look into ‘why’ aspect of an author’s point of view rather than mere focusing on author’s meaning as portrayed in any material. A consistent quest for knowledge has therefore created in me as I look for more intended purposes of any material by placing myself in the author’s world. ... Moving from the past form of basic literary writing, I have developed throughout the various paradigms of this course from writing and presenting simple facts to building a sustained paper argument that examines a variety of paper complexities and adequate paper organization which since then played a critical role opening up and expanding my mental faculties. My earlier wrings during the process of this course has so been influenced by environmental degradation and related concerns from wider societal perspective. During this earlier period I presented the concept of rhetoric writing as I analyzed paintings by Mathias Duwel and his intentional messages. I had played my big part of analysis in presenting Duwel’s bibliography and dedicated my entire discussions on Duwel’s theoretical standpoint and its implications for the wider society. As I advanced from this stage during my course work, I still chose to look at environmental degradation concerns. Quite familiar with th is approach, I used this as an opportunity to look at the various subject matter complexities as presented by another piece of writing this time focusing on a Hawaii’s economic ambitions and balance with the sustainable manageable of the delicate environment. While registering the improvement I have so far gained in this class, I objectively look at the needs for economic development and environmental demands as opposed to my earlier writing where I would stick to biased sided argument in a paper. It has also become very easy for me to locate numerous authoritative journals and refer from various books has also significantly sharpened my skills in research. In the final

School Conflict Case Study Essay Example for Free

School Conflict Case Study Essay This case study examines the conflict over whether public schools in the United States of America should teach biology from the viewpoint of evolution or of creation, according to the Christian Bible. Although this battle has raged for several decades, it is still an emotionally charged, often-debated issue. Through research on this subject, one finds the term â€Å"intelligent design,† and while this initially sounds like there may be a third contingency in this debate, upon closer examination, one finds that â€Å"intelligent design† is tantamount to creationism. Likewise one finds the term â€Å"environmental creationism,† which is also a pseudonym for creationism. Those who believe in evolution contend that their view is the result of scientifically verifiable non-biased information. Those who believe in creationism contend that the Christian Bible is a book written through divine inspiration and therefore, whatever is written in the Bible is the ultimate authority. Basically the evolutionists believe they are correct because their information can be proven scientifically, while the creationists believe that their information is from an infallible source that is more certain than the evolutionists’ scientific data. Since public schools are supported by public taxes, some believe that church and state must be kept separate. This is supported by the fact that, â€Å"the federal government has repeatedly denied the introduction of creationism into public schools as it is a direct violation of the separation of church and state (Lac, Hemovich, Himelfarb, 2010, p. 253). Yet, it is also believed that the preferences of the local citizenry should be consulted in deciding which theory or theories should be taught in public school biology. Currently local school boards actually seem to hold sway over what type of orientation their local schools will use in biology. Even when there are state or local rulings favoring one side or the other, some classroom teachers include their personal preferences (or those of their supervisors) in choosing which orientation is taught in their classrooms. For example, â€Å"in Dover, Pennsylvania, the school board adopted a general policy endorsing â€Å"intelligent design† and district administrators composed the statement that was read to high school biology classes as they began the evolution unit† (Lerner, 2002, p. 287). Some attempts toward reconciliation of these viewpoints have resulted in having both viewpoints presented in the biology classrooms of certain districts. This idea was condoned by the George W. Bush administration in 2005, stating that â€Å"children should be exposed to multiple ideas in school† (Warmick, p. 305). Another problem with presenting both evolution and the creationism in the classroom occurs when one tries to qualify which type of creationism is to be taught. The most commonly known creation story from the book of Genesis in the Christian Bible; however, there are actually 3 different versions of creation within the book of Genesis, some resembling the ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian creation stories, with a substitution of one God for many gods (Carson-Newman University, 2013). Another Christian variant of creationist theory is that of â€Å"intelligent design† which argues that Darwinian science does not contradict the Bible, while maintaining that a super-being planned transformation of species (Johnson, 2011, p. 15). Lastly, there is the version called â€Å"environmental creationism:† in which â€Å"the use of creationist language is employed without the explicit Christian context† (Nelson, 2010, p. 513). What can be done as the battle over creationism versus evolution rages on in courtrooms and at state and local school board meetings across our nation? As mentioned previously, some localities have settled on including both sides’ viewpoints; however, it is difficult to present both possibilities without bias because they come from different schools of thought. The evolutionists believe scientific fact to be ultimate truth, yet the creationists consider the word of God to be the ultimate truth. Is there a way to honor the U. S. Constitution and the taxpayers simultaneously, some of whom believe in creation and some of whom believe in evolution? If we decide to include both creationism and evolution and to consider the debate rhetorical, we run the risk of neither side being satisfied because there are those on both sides who believe that their way is the only way and who want to â€Å"win† the battle. If traditional approaches have not settled this issue, then perhaps it is time to try alternative dispute resolution measures, the attempts to present both evolution and creationism in the classroom, not-withstanding. Peter Tolman ( 2006, p. 544) writes that â€Å"intractable conflicts are rooted in the ways we make sense of the world and are not solvable in the traditional sense. † He further states that, â€Å"It is primarily through assumptions about what is unquestionably â€Å"right,† in a given context that different groups develop and maintain incommensurate worldviews and conflicts persist (Tolman, 2006, p. 545). † Our issue here is obviously one of intractable conflict. Our issue is not one in which both sides desire to reach a win-win solution; however, productive outcomes will depend on introduction of the principles of negotiation, beginning with the foundational abilities for conflict resolution.

Msg And Its Neurological Effects Biology Essay

Msg And Its Neurological Effects Biology Essay Due to evolving since in fields such as food science pharmacology, pediatrics, medical psychology, and toxicology, various food additives have come under a sharp review. In the medical field, a controversy has been ranging as to whether MSG should be used at all since diverse research case studies have not only shown its negative effects on health in general but also its neurological effects. Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) has been used as a flavorant in the food industry for close to one hundred years in foods consumed by the masses daily. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies MSG as a food ingredient that is considered generally safe for use by the public, a number of researches such as by Schwartz have shown that it is harmful to the users health and should therefore be banned. Glutamate is naturally found in foods such as milk, poultry, meat and vegetables. Further, the body naturally produces glutamate which is essential for the nervous system. However, syntheti c manufacture has been proven to be harmful. This study purposefully outlines such effects on the nervous sytem and serves to support other recent findings against the use of MSG. Introduction MSG is a food additive that is found in most of the commercial foods. It improves the flavor of the food hence attracting customers. In itself, there is no value addition in terms of nutrition. It actually does nothing to food, but to the eater it is detrimental to their health. MSG is referred to as an excitotoxin or neurotoxin. This is the case since it widely involves the neuroscientists field in that it has degenerative and deadly effects on the brain and the nervous system. MSG actually over stimulates the brain neurons to exhaustion leading to their death. MSG goes to the brain through the membranes in the mouth and the throat. It also enters the blood stream through the digestion of food in the digestive system. MSG will trick the brain to thinking that it is getting value from the foods that are being taken in. MSG is not natural in nature. It is manmade from glutamic acid which is an amino acid which is found in complete proteins. Amino acids do occur naturally from many pla nts and animal tissues. The artificially created types of Amino acids are processed through the breakdown and the change of the natural form of glutamate. Some of the natural substances used for this purpose are molasses, grain starches and corn. The manipulation process produces various form of glumate. The d-glumate is never found naturally. The free glumates could enter the body 8 to 10 times faster than the bound or the natural glumates. Natural glumate is found in foods like tomatoes, milk and the mushrooms. The commercial methods or techniques used to manufacture glumate were not in use until the 1960s. The MSG in use today is not at all natural Literature review The current research shows that MSG is the cause of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimers Huntingtons, Parkinsons and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuroscientists, such as Adriene, have explained that MSG attacks the blood-brain barrier of the brain cells which is responsible for protection and regulation of the delicate chemical exchange within the brain cells. The chemical exchange process is normally well balanced and its functionality is unquestionable. Under normal conditions also the brain and the body immune system handles all kinds of pollutants, diseases and stress. A very small amount of toxic substance can actually cause the brain call to over react leading to excessive exhaustion and death (Samuels). MSG is one of the major excitotoxins and is widely known to cause damage to the brain part that governs or controls other systems in the human body. The damage will probably appear as a disorder in the nervous system and the endocrine system. This can be manifested in the cases of unusual sleeping patterns, persistent hunger and food cravings. This usually leads to obesity. MSG is also known to cause migraine headaches, behavioral disorders, asthma attacks, depression, heart irregularities, arthritis, sinus problems and digestive problems (Anglesey). MSG is a neurotoxin that takes a very short time to create a widely diverse and dramatic effect on the human body. An individual may take a mild dosage of a prescription drug and have mild effects which may even be favorable. However, another person may take the same prescription drug and instead, get depressed, have stomach disorders, a swollen tongue and aching joints. The different parts of the brain do govern various body functions. The part which is attacked will directly depend on the brain part that has been attacked by the excitotoxin. If for example a person has had a head injury, a genetic pinch in a given part of the brain, has had a fever that is attacking parts of the brain, or even has had a stroke, then it is certain that the part of the brain that has been affected will be due to the toxins. Some of the foods that are sold are sold as weight loss promotions to the people. When food substances such as fat and sugar are removed from the foods, MSG together with aspartame is usually added. These excitotoxins are known to cause obesity and irregular heartbeats in many people. FDA usually allows the labeling of MSGS as natural flavors, hydrolyzed proteins and autolyzed yeast when used as just a component ingredient in an additive and not purely MSG. Americans today are consuming 160 million pounds of MSG per annum. A toxicologist and an author by the name Dr, George Schwartz claims that two table spoons of MSG on a piece of bread could kill a medium sized dog within a minute. The FDA in the year 1995 claimed that no one can react to less than 3 grams of MSG per meal. However, despite their confirmation, they have warned that MSG should be avoided by children, pregnant or lactating women, the elderly and those who suffer Asthma. A highly sensitive individual can react even to less than a gram of MSG (Blaylock). Effects and Related disorders Research has shown that in the late 1950s, an estimated amount of 12 grams per person per year of MSG was used by the Americans. Looking at the same issue today, the estimate has shot to between 400 and 500 grams per person per year. This is an amount that needs evaluation by FDA. (Anglesey) The wide usage of MSG came in the mid 1970s. It gained much popularity with producers of food through the 1980s. Two powerful excitotoxic food additives that took the food industry by storm were the MSG and aspartame. MSG has been widely associated with a wide range of diseases, symptoms and complaints. As earlier stated, it affects the neurological system of the body. The same ailments are today being reported to be on their rise. Often the ailments are quite unexpected and hard to explain either. Neorological effects of MSG and statistics of interest published by national organizations have been listed here-in. Fibromyalgia: this is a growing epidemic. Its patients eliminated MSG and aspartame during the study conducted by Florida University which reported complete relief of symptoms in 2001. However, the most cognitive study was carried by Smith, Shmidt and Guns who sought to prove the link between Fibromyalgia and MSG with several other additives as a common rheumatologic disorder. In this case, 4 patients were diagnosed for 2-17 years with fibromyalgia syndrome. However, they had undergone various modalities of treatment while failing to consider MSG as the causative agent. After eliminating aspartame and MSG from their diets, complete or near complete resolution of symptoms diagnosed were recorded within months. In this case analysis, the subjects were women who had multiple comorbidities and recurring symptoms after the ingestion of MSG. It is therefore indicative that t he excitotoxins, present in substances such as Aspartate and MSG, become excitatory neurotransmitters once ingested, and if consumed in excess can lead to neurotoxicity. These 4 patients may therefore represent this fibromyalgia syndrome and act as a link to conclusively establish a link to MSG. Therefore, persistent studies, if carried out on a larger sample, might serve to link the fibromyalgia syndrome to MSG and aspartame more concretely (Murray). Further, a study posted in MSGTruth.org is instrumental in linking MSG to pituitary adenomas. MSG overstimulates the hypothalamus which consequently leads damage on the neurons. The hypothalamus is responsible for directing the pituitary glands actions, which is also referred to as the master gland since it in turn directs all other glands in the body and their actions such as metabolism, development of sex and reproductive organs and other key development functions. Statistics have shown that 25% of Kenyans develop a pituitary adenoma in the course of their lives. However, studies linking pituitary adenomas to MSG are inconclusive. Some studies had previously depicted this as a genetic disorder but have however been proven wrong. About half of the pituitary adenomas secrete prolactin. Prolactinomas vcan become extremely large over time to crowd the optic nerve thereby affecting vision. It is however detected early in women since it interferes with menses and stops ovulation. This prevents conception or pregnancy in general. Further, since prolactin is responsible for lactation, secretion can cause lactation in the victim even if they were never pregnant or even if they are male. Hence, men with these adenomas develop breasts which have the capacity to secrete milk. Unlike in women who are forewarned by the effects on vision or associated headaches, this condition is deadly in men since the tumor can only be detected when it is large and dangerous. Further, research records by most governments are only kept for cancerous tumors while benign tumor, such as in this case, are neglected hence making it the more difficult not only to research on especially as to its link to aspartine and MSG but also to treat. Trea tment is very expensive. There are only two treatments with Dostinex, a carbegoline, is normally preferred which costs approximately $ 30 a tablet. Therefore, there is a need to sponsor more research as to the link to MSG and brain tumors (Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) and Aspartame). Other effects that have been attributed to MSG and its neurological disorders are headaches and migraines, asthma, obesity among others. In headaches and migraines: an approximate amount of $ 2.2 billion per year are being spent on drugs which treat headaches. This chronic condition has received a 74% increase from the years 1980 to 1990. Secondly, Asthma has been linked to MSG and related to the brain effects. According to statistics there was a decline of asthma until the mid-eighties. Since then however, there has been a recorded 100% increase in the rate of death among the children and the seniors. This incidence has increased 600% in the last 10 years. FDA has identified that the uncontrollable asthma can be caused by MSG, unfortunately no further measures are taken to deal with the situation. Defects of birth and disorders of production: MSG has been identified as a mutagen i.e. mutates fetuses. It is said to cause damage to the intellectual development, reproduction, growth pa tterns and the gonadal functions. However, such research has not been concrete. Other effects are neurological or emotional disorders. Laboratory studies have shown devastating effects on brain development. This includes autism, attention deficit, dyslexia, hyperactivity, violent episodes or rage, panic attacks, depression, paranoia, seizures and cerebral palsy. Rats were used for this study. However, human beings are 5 times more sensitive to MSG than rats. Obesity too has been linked to MSG and the nervous system. This is the most consistent effect of excitotoxins exposure and can be termed as a growing problem that does not respect age or sexual boundaries. In fact scientists uses glumate to feed animals used in the laboratories with an aim of inducing obesity. MSG will trigger insulin or adrenalin or fat storage or even a food craving response. This actually depletes the serotonin levels which in turn trigger headaches, depression and fatigue and also leads to food cravings. Finally, it is vital to note the following maladies and diseases are also attributed to MSG. Heart maladies: for the Americans, more than 70 million of them do suffer one or more forms of cardiovascular disease. 43% of all deaths in America are related to this same problem. Cardiovascular operations in the US went up with 287% from the year 1980 to 1990. Alzheimers disease: in the 1980s, this disease was nowhere among the highly identifiable health threats. It is however ranked third in todays statistics after cancer and heart disease. There are 4 million people afflicted by the disease at a cost of $47,000 per person per year in healthcare costs. Parkinsons, ALS, MS and the Huntingtons diseases like Alzheimers are all progressively growing neurogenic diseases that show brain and nerve cell damage. There are also other symptoms of MSG sensitivity that include swollen throat and tongue, joint pain, skin disorders, sleeping disorders, burning, tightness of the face or its redness, vert igo and gastrointestinal complaints. This subject of disorders in behavior for children is becoming a common discussion among professionals. The Studies that are already done have widely associated the violent behavior, attention deficits and emotional instability to chemical imbalances occurring in the brain. The reason that young brains are developing the blood-brain barrier, it is now becoming an extreme possibility that there will be early damage caused by excitotoxins. In April 1994, a time magazine article confirmed the rising problem of behavioral disorders. The magazine stated that the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was not in existence 15 years ago. It is however said that it is now affecting 3.3 million American children. This magazine article quotes a prominent research which 10 years ago stated that symptoms of ADHD and ADD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) vanished with maturity. Today however, ADD is now the fastest growing diagnostic category for the adults. The combination of excitotoxins i.e. MSG and aspartame came into wide usage in the 1980s. The drug sale rate for these disorders has shot up by almost 400% in a period of 4 years only. MSG is now a known mutagen. Its damage occurs in the womb as chemicals pass from the womb of the mother into the blood system of the fetus. The old people do show high vulnerability rates to the progressive neuro-generative diseases. An example of such diseases is Alzheimers.

Media Critics Beavis and Butt-head :: essays research papers

According to Douglas Rushkoff’s in his article Hating What Sucks, Beavis and Butt-head are media critics, instructing viewers on how to criticize music videos. I believe the way Beavis and Butt-head go about their criticism and commentary is undermining our value system.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In TV’s Anti-Families: Married . . . with Malaise, Josh Ozersky states â€Å"no one who watches TV is going to stop because they see TV criticized.† He goes on to say that we feel flattered by this criticism and continue watching television anyway. Beavis and Butt-head can be seen in the same light when they criticize music videos on MTV. â€Å"In doing so they again demonstrate for us how to watch TV in the nineties,† according to Rushkoff.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I can only interject that when we watch TV being criticized by these characters we feel a sort of power from the knowledge their criticism gives us. But is this the only thing keeping our eyes glued to the tube? Ozersky writes, â€Å"TV has never shown us TV; rather, it shows itself to us as a laughable, absurd, and harmless entity, much like the characters on its shows.† The criticism of TV doesn’t go far enough to keep us from watching it. We feel that TV is harmless and this is what keeps us going back for more.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beavis and Butt-head qualify as being dysfunctional. So is this the kind of show you would find many cultural values in? Rushkoff argues that the show â€Å"promotes viewer awareness by allowing us to witness area where the characters’ own detachment has been compromised.† He says this in reference to Beavis watching an Aerosmith music video and lighting up a cigarette when the Aerosmith singer does. In this instance the author suggests he fell for the manipulation of the media. By the same token, Rushkoff contradicts himself and his pro-Beavis argument. Perhaps it is just a red herring, but by showing that the media manipulates Beavis it isn’t a very good argument for watching TV, much less Beavis and Butt-head.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In all reality, people do watch Beavis and Butt-head and other anti-family television shows. The power we feel in the act of criticizing and the seemingly harmless antics of these shows gives us a reason to keep watching and criticizing TV despite the irony of it. Because we know TV characters have no power to change their situations in the TV world we feel we are above them and can watch TV with harmless effects.

Messaging in 2.0 World

IntroductionIt has become apparent that all sectors of the economy are depending on the technology development for the organizational growth and for their general economic growth. Jennewein (2005) has argued that in the business sector of the current century, the requirements are different from the past century. This is because in the 20th century, the business enterprises depended on physical aspects such as land and machines for business success.This has however changed and the 21st century businesses are depending on intangible assets such as knowledge and know how of its employees, as well as intellectual property rights. This has forced companies if they are to succeed in any business endeavor to create and update new technological competencies and replace all obsolete technologies and products within the organization.Technology has also improved the mode of providing education system to both the learners and the teachers, especially in the library use. The use of technology in libraries has a backdated history as in early eighties as has been argued by Grosch (1995), that,the decade of the eighties would bring systems technology and new electronic forms of access to smaller library through the microcomputer. A more global view of automated library systems would emerge. Communications and linking of users to library systems remotely with gateways to arrays of locally available databases were becoming a brighter possibility. Finally library automation and application of the computer to bibliographic activities would become a natural phenomena since parent organization also were evolving to a more global information systems strategy, (pp.49).Messaging in a 2.0 worldLearning and teaching is supposed to be fun and enjoyed to the student and the teacher. There are different ways that education can be made easy and enjoyable. One of the ways is by undertaking technologically changes that can make the learning and teaching process to be easy.   Technology makes availability and use of learning materials easily accessed and to go with the current economic requirements.Technology changes have been continuously making the learning and teaching process easier for the student and the tutor. Materials can be easily accessed and shared among the different users of such materials. For instance, the new web 2.0 sites slideshare enables people to share presentations on slideshows.It is also possible to use the system to â€Å"upload PowerPoint, open office, keynote or PDF presentation, tag them into your blog or website, browse others’ presentations and comment on individual slides†, (Stephens 2007 pg 61). This has increased knowledge sharing as one can be able to know immediately what others feel about the work they’ve done, and where there is need of improvement.These kinds of changes in technology have made information not to be seen as a container of value but the knowledge alongside the changes. Knowledge, like all the oth er sectors keeps on changing and people have to keep pace with the changing technology so as to ensure they are not left behind in development or, in competitive advantage in businesses.Twitter messaging is a means of the current technology being used widely. To understand how twitter functions, think of it â€Å"like a personal IM account that can be shared with everyone. Once you have a twitter account set up, you can send short IM, SMS or web-based messages to twitter†, (King, 2007).Therefore, twitter can be defined as a system that allows users to update messages containing up to a maximum of 140 characters to the twitter website via SMS, Instant Messaging or e-mails. The updates will be displayed to the profile pages of the user and instantly delivered to the other end user who has signed up to receive them.Uses of messaging 2.0 world in libraries.The web 2.0 technology is becoming more useful in the library use. It is widely used especially in communicating in conferenc es, keeping up with the development in the filed and promoting library services.Ruby on rail technology is one of the of the twitter technology that can be used to keep track of the library employees. According to Williams (2006), â€Å"Ruby on rails is an open source web development framework that allows you to rapidly develop data-driven applications using ruby programming language†. An application in this context refers to web applications such as Basecamp and flickr. Ruby rails programming can be used in many computer applications including Basecamp, blogging platforms (e.g. Mephisto) and twitter.Twitter is the most interesting of the Ruby Rails as it enables one to keep track of the colleagues whenever they are by the use of SMS text messaging, Instant Messaging or the web by posting updates (Williams, 2006). To use the twitter to track a person, the cell phone is set to use the twitter and an SMS is send to the twitter short code, containing the updates, the message wil l be automatically posted to the twitter site. With this, it will be possible to spread the contacts cell phones so as to see what those in the contact phone are doing.  This kind of technology is being used in libraries to trace down the employees of the library in an organization. It will be possible to know if the employees are at their workstations or not, and the exact work they are doing. There are many new methods of communication that comes up on a daily basis in the organization due to technological changes. It is therefore important that the organization chooses the method that is more suitable and appropriate to the organization.In library organizations messaging technology allows the employees to set up twitter accounts and share their information. The workers can be able to locate coworkers Instant Messaging name. It can also help employees to know exactly the working hours of their colleagues and thus be able to relay any information or seek any urgent information at that particular time. While working with this system, it is possible that the patron might also stumble on the employee’s information while browsing and thus send reference question to the employee’s site.Another means that the SMS can be used in libraries is through referencing. The first SMS referencing mode was started at the South Eastern Louisiana University by Mr. Hill in 2005, (LibranInBlack. Net, 2005).The reference uses the Altarama referencing system. The system operates between 8 am – 9 pm, as this is the period that the librarians are around to answer questions from the clients. The SMS/text messaging referencing systems of the South Eastern Louisiana University is limited to 160 characters. The SMS that is send to the librarian reaches the end as an e-mail and then when the librarian answers the email, it gets to the other end user as an SMS. Because the librarian is only required to use short answers, it will not create problems related to typing especially to those who have a poor typing speed. This will ensure that the replies are not delayed because of the typing problem.The Altarama referencing system has got unique text messaging numbers set bundles of text messages. For the email on the librarian side, the system allows the products to run seamlessly with MS outlook. The Library number is always the sender, hence the email message will stand out in the inbox of the recipient.   If the recipient is using outlook, it is possible to reply directly through email. â€Å"If not, you [the recipient] need to use whatever e-mail program you are using and manually respond (copying and pasting in the ‘to’ field)†, (LibranInBlack. Net, 2005).The South Eastern Louisiana University referencing system tried as much as possible to limit the characters to 160. Responses can be sent in multiple messages but the librarians’ try as much as possible to have only one message. This is because the system gives the m room to do this by automatically abbreviating some words, such as, for -4, too-2.The system also helps to keep the exact time that the transaction took place and the number of the transactions without keeping the actual messages of the transactions that took place. The library systems only accepts text messaging and not images. Therefore, incase a person sends an image message, the library will indicate error message.The synchronous messaging system in the libraries allows real- time communication between individuals. â€Å"Librarians have began employing it to provide ‘chat reference’ services, where patrons can synchronously communicate with librarians much as they would in a face – to – face reference context, (Manness, 2006).Manness argues that Web 2.0 is considered to be consistent with tenet 2.0 as it â€Å"allows for collaboration between the patrons and librarians, it allows a more dynamic experience than the fundamentally static, created-then- consume nature of 1.0 service†.The importance of using this mode of interaction in the successor of the library system has enabled the librarian to adopt the successors of the library web system more quickly and expertly. There have been improvement in the instant messaging that have seen the inclusion of audio and video messaging also becoming increasingly common in the library use.Libraries have started placing â€Å"links to their charts reference service within resources themselves such as at the article level in subscription data bases†, (Manness, 2006). The system has been developed so that the chart reference takes place within the framework of the library system as much as it could have been when dealing with a physical library patron.Library 2.0 has also been designed to offer immediate help to a user whenever it seems that there is a problem in using the library system. This is possible when certain user behaviors are detected in the system. The common behavio r that can indicate the librarian patron that the user needs help in the use of the library service is when a â€Å"user browses through certain materials repeating steps and moving cyclically through a classification scheme or series of resources,† Manness (2006). The use of a synchronous messaging service is useful tool to the patrons in giving the assistance to the library user  Ã‚   whenever in problem of accessing library materials.Librarians have been using the messaging system to promote the service of the library. Library creates several twitter accounts and sends messages to its client’s in various categories informing them of the services offered at the library. Since the message gets to the end use instantly, it becomes an effective tool in carrying out promotional activities compared to the other mode of media communication. Therefore, to be completely in competitive environment like any other business organizations, libraries have got to tactically promo te its services to attract more users of its products. In promotion, libraries have especially benefited through the technology in reaching to their clients in the remote area easily.The new technology of library 2.0 implies that the librarians take the library to where the users are instead of the users going to the library. These sites are also important in that they put the library where the users are, and especially meets the needs of the users who are constantly on the move.There are still increased numbers of libraries world wide adopting the system of the SMS referencing. The Lee Kong Chian Reference Library has adopted the SMS referencing system because of the high penetration of cellular phones in Singapore. The increased number of cellular phones and Internet use has created avenue for increased online chat.â€Å"Trends such as these suggest that SMS could be an ideal way to reach out to a greater pool of potential users of our reference enquiry service†, (Han and S eng, 2007). The use of cellular phone as a tool of obtaining referencing material is advantageous in that it is very portable. This has made it an ideal solution for the Lee Kong Chian Reference Library to use it for posting reference materials for those who have got a tight schedule such that it is not possible for them to visit the library personally to receive any information they need.Apart from the recipient getting immediate information, the users of the web 2.0 world referencing system can be able to maintain their anonymity  Ã‚   while seeking assistance from the libraries. The system is also receiving much advocacy because it can be used or accessed at any time of the day, or within any period, i.e. its operation is 24/7/365ConclusionTechnology in all sectors of the economy enhances service delivery to both service providers and the clients. This technological improvement ensures that the service delivery is offered at the best disposal of both the client and providers.Li braries like any other sectors of the economy have to embrace technological changes and use it positively to increase performance level in the organization. Despite all the obstacles that might be associated with the new technology, in the long run when the system has been fully and nicely implemented it becomes more beneficial to the organization than the sunk costs that might have been brought due to implementing the system.To ensure that the technology receives positive acknowledgement from all stakeholders, Librarians should try to make the system simple and easy to use to both users so as to increase the attitude of the users towards that technology rather than making them shun it away.ReferenceJennewein K. (2005): Intellectual Property Management. The Role Of Technology Brands InThe Appropriation  Ã‚   Of Technological Innovation, Springer, ISBN 3790802808.King D L. (2007). Twitter Explained for Librarians or 10 Ways to Use Twitter, Retrieved on29th Oct 2007 from http://www. davidleeking.com/2007/03/10/twtter-explained-for-librarians-or-10-ways-to-use-twitter/Manness J.M (2006): Library 2.0, Theory: Web 2.0 and its implications for librariesRetrieved on 29th Oct 2007 http://www.webology.org/2006/v3n2/a25.htmlStephens. T. (2007): Trademark 2.0: Defining Your Value in the web 2.0, World Lulu.com,ISBN 061556886.Williams J. (2006). What is Ruby on rails? Retrieved on 29th Oct 2007 fromhttp://www.digital-web.com/articles/ruby_on_rails_for_the_rest_of_us/

Fashion Accessory trading business

Fashion Accessories Ltd is one of the crucial high-quality supplier & importers in UK. This company has been offering reasonable priced costume jewellery, accessories and fashion scarves in UK and other European countries such as France, Sweden, Spain and etc. And they also covers with over 650 clients and 20 years of experience in providing a wide-range of fashion items to meet the requirements of major retailers and their suppliers. They also have accounts with many of the famous branded chain store companies, as well as wholesalers and various other established firms.2. Presenting problem This study was concerned mainly in finding out the effect of Information Technology on B2B system in the supply chain extension management of trading business after 1990’s. To facilitate achieving the broad objects as cited above, this study aims to attain following specific operational objective ? To clarify the specific the factors that will boost business to business which subsequently triggered intense changes in the scope and impact of supply chain management on trading business after 1990's.? To discuss about the Information Technology that will further enhance business to business system. ? To identify the products offered by B2B responsible for boosting developments in the scope and impact of supply chain management on trading business after 1990's. ? To extend our understanding of the additional management cost as well as implementation problems with the introduction of B2B system. 3. Preparatory Work – TargetIn a country like UK the need for economic development is urgent; hence, it becomes imperative to extend present day knowledge on developing technological methodologies like introduction of B2B system which is one of the widely used platforms using Internet technology to bring down costs and speed up processes logistics for trading business. Likewise, the researcher believed that the findings of this study will help reduce the variation in produc t price as well as information, and markets will become more integrated.Furthermore, the baseline data gathered from the result of this study shall serve as guide of other researchers in their quest for additional knowledge specially those interested in the fields of Information Technology and Business Management 4. Outcome, Actors and Data Spotlight ? Outcome Tell something about the framework and the methods your going to use ? Actors The following persons who will be benefited with this study are: ? IT manager. This will lead them to know what has happened in the previous trends of business using B2B and the flows of GDP of UK.? Businessmen. They will be enlightened to determine if UK has a high credit risk or a good for investment. And facilitate them in the real world market standing of the UK country. ? UK people. This will guide them in determining the GDP and economic growth trends of their country. ? Future researcher. This will lead them to conduct new study relating B2B t o another factors or indicators. This will also guide them to think of another meaningful study. ? Data spotlight To answer the specific problems of this study the following hypotheses were formulated: 1.Information Technology did not enhance business to business system. 2. There were no products or services offered by B2B that were responsible for boosting developments in the scope and impact of supply chain management on trading business after 1990's. 3. There were no additional management cost as well as implementation problems with the introduction of B2B system. 5. Preparatory Work – Constraints What are the difficulties that you encounter in this study How are you going to get access 6. The Research Question The investigator was directed to answer the following questions:1. What specifically were the factors that boosted business to business which subsequently triggered intense changes in the scope and impact of supply chain management on trading business after 1990's? 2. Will Information Technology further enhance business to business system? 3. Were the products offered by B2B responsible for boosting developments in the scope and impact of supply chain management on trading business after 1990's? 4. Were there additional management cost as well as implementation problems with the introduction of B2B system? 7.Breakdown of Tasks The researcher collected the data from the different corrected thesis dissertation, journals, magazines and books. Microsoft Excel and SPSS program were used for the presentation proper of the events that is reflected in the informational data. a. Preparation of the Mind This is introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Sales representatives in business-to-business initially jeered at the idea of using direct marketing system as selling strategy for industrial customers. It was considered to be of low level company selling scheme for mass markets (Sullivan 1990, 2).Nevertheless, the stratagem was employed by Fortu ne 500 companies (Sullivan 1990, 2). This inter-dynamic selling scheme involves trade team and varied merchandizing methods such as mail and telemarketing which was likewise employed by Dictaphone (Sullivan 1990, 2). Other ways were the member-to-member mode, trading-up, and cross selling (Sullivan 1990, 372). Trading-up and cross selling incorporated advertising, direct marketing, and personal selling thus cutting the cost of the previously one-on-one scheme (Sullivan 1990, 372). †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (more) b. Problem Scenario Expansion c. Preparation of the Domaind. Practical Access to Tools From the informational data that will be intended to gather the researcher decide to use SPSS program to compute the elasticity of the variables and to identify if the predictors of the study are good. And the multiple regression model will be used in this study. The chart and other basic computations will be done through Microsoft excel for better presentation of the study. e. Pract ical Access to Skills The researcher needs the following tutorial for SPSS usage, International access program list, and trends of the international GDP and the economic growth.To overcome this needs the researcher review some literature and studies using SPSS program, recall the past lessons in economics and ask the library for the list of international access list . f. Practical Documentation g. Research Thinking This study used a descriptive quantitative and qualitative research. This study was concerned mainly in finding out the effect of Information Technology on B2B system in the supply chain extension management of trading business after 1990’s. h. Primary DataThe selected research methodology is a descriptive archival, quantitative and interview. The interview will help for the construction of the entire impact on B2B in the real world. Secondary research is to read a number of literature and studies relevant to the present study in different public and private librar ies. The literature studies will be scrutinized to determine if there is some bearing to the study and would be analyzed to gain a broader perspective of the problem issue.The strategy in this study is the rational perspective, where the data analysis and the final recommendations follow the sequential gathering of information. i. Research Method/Problem Solving Approach ? Research Methodology The main objective of this study is to ? Research Approach The research approach that develops the methodology explained below is based on descriptive qualitative and quantitative research method. j. Data Locations k. Data Collection Protocol Presentation of the data and the computation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. l. Primary Data Processing ? Preprocessing? Outcome Processing 8. Outline of Literature Review For a firm to deliver maximum value to its customers, it must receive maximum value from all its suppliers in the supply chain. Commercial firms are increasingly concluding that, working alone, they ca nnot have the lowest costs, best quality, or shortest cycle times in their industries if their suppliers do not support them (Lewis, 1995, p. 5). For example, Intel concluded that it could not improve the quality of its products if it did not improve â€Å"the quality of its suppliers (Morgan, 1990).Sun concluded that it could not be more responsive to its customers unless its suppliers were more responsive (Carbone, 1996). Many firms report that implementing best PSM practices has delivered large savings and significant performance improvements. (Moore, Baldwin, Camm, and Cook 2002, 4- 5) Once firms recognize the strategic importance of purchasing to improving their performance and profit as well as integrating their supply chains, they typically change their PSM practices to improve their competitiveness.5 Through our recent strategic sourcing and contracting research, we have learned how innovative commercial firms purchase goods and services. What we have observed appears to be the beginning of a revolution in PSM practices. 6 For example, Bensaou (1999) notes that in the automotive sector, all three U. S. manufacturers and most of their European competitors have launched programs to decrease their level of vertical integration, reduce their total number of direct suppliers, and move toward publicly declared strategic partnerships.7 In the aerospace sector, manufacturers are making strategic efforts to consolidate their supply base and forge stronger relationships with remaining suppliers (Stundza, 1999). For example, Boeing consolidated and standardized its supply contracts and plans to reduce its number of suppliers from 3,100 to 2,700 (Stundza, 2000b). Bowman (1998) notes that within the last year in the logistics industry shippers are increasingly bidding at the corporate level.More of them are making decisions by committee, whittling down their international provider base to a bare minimum. For example, he notes that about 40 percent of the global ac counts of APL Ltd. , a worldwide logistics provider, had some type of logistics council or centralized body for purchasing, strategizing, and decision making. 8 To set the stage for PSM change, innovative customers are conducting comprehensive, corporate-wide spend analyses 9 to better understand their primary sources of expenditures and to then target their PSM improvement initiatives (e.g. , quality, speed, or cost effectiveness) on those goods and services that represent their largest and most strategic expenditures (see Owens et al. , 1998, and Laseter, 1998). 10 Customers are also stratifying their supply base by effect on results and level of strategic risk and then matching the specific management approach and type of relationship formed with particular suppliers to (Moore, Baldwin, Camm, and Cook 2002, 6 – 7)The truth of the matter is that the chains grew because they introduced a method of retail distribution for which there was a definite need and which the old whol esaler-retailer system failed to supply. To what extent the old system was inherently deficient and to what extent its shortcomings could be and have been corrected must be discussed now, not for the sake of stressing the imperfections of a competitive system but in order to contrast certain features of the chain-store system.The ideal distribution system would bridge the gap between production and consumption with maximum efficiency at minimum cost. Without any question, the outstanding inherent defect of the old wholesaler-retailer system lay in the fact that, under it, the wholesale function and the retail function are performed by separate, independent factors, whereas, under the chain-store system, the two functions are, to a major extent, combined.In no sense does the chain-store system eliminate the wholesale function: it still has to be performed, but, whereas under the old system the wholesaler exercised no control over his retail outlets nor did the retailer have any contr ol over his sources of supply, under the chain-store system both functions are performed by the same organization and the control is unified. That this basic difference between the two systems has been partly nullified by the development of voluntary chains of various kinds is true.But the fact remains that such organizations did not come prominently into the picture until the chains had established themselves on a firm basis. When the chains were making their greatest strides, the old wholesaler-retailer set-up provided their principal competition. Reduced to its simplest terms, the main result of the essential difference between the two systems lies in the fact that under the old plan it is necessary for the wholesaler to sell to the retailer before the merchandise can find its way into consumption.Under the chain-store system, this intervening selling process, with all its disadvantages, is obviated. (Lebhar 1963, 87- 88) â€Å"In 1981, standards for shipping containers were ado pted; these facilitated the extension of the UPC into the emerging supply chain processes then appearing in both manufacturing and retailing industries. One of the reasons that the UPC had to spread grew out of the fact that not all goods sold in grocery stores were food; they included health and beauty aids, household cleaners, and so forth, which came from other industries.To take full advantage of the technology, the Grocery Industry wanted others to adopt the symbol as well. During the 1980s and 1990s, that was what happened. † (Cortada 2004, 299) a. Keywords ? GDP = the growth development project is one of the most important factors in determining the standing of the country in terms of their economic inflation. ? e-buisness = is one of the most popular business internet market the products here are quite fast in the presentation to the client or so called the customer. ? Probability of UK GDP = this is something to do with the computation of the GDP of UK.This will revea l the trends of the UK if the economic inflation will fall or ascent. ? Linear regression= is the model that will suit in some computation for economic studies. This will also lead the person to identify the trends of the business to the market place. b. Basic Definitions and Terms The following terms were formulated for more understanding: ? Business to business (B2B) = It refers to the business situation and ? Inflation = This means that †¦.. ? Information technology = This refers to †¦.. c. Primary Sources d. Map out Important Areas e. Originality f. Review Conclusion